Implement SSH Public Key Authentication on the Cisco ASA, which is common in server operation. This makes it possible to operate more securely and efficiently.
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Official information
SSH related configuration guide of Cisco ASA is here
In this article, we describe the setting method specialized for SSH public key authentication.
Environment information
Because it is for home use, it does not regularly upgrade the OS version, it is somewhat old .... When applying SSH public key authentication, please verify beforehand with the introduction version. (There are differences depending on version as described below)
Authentication is performed only at the ASA local. In a more secure environment, please consider authentication by the RADIUS server. ( ASA5500 SSH using AAA RADIUS - Cisco Community )
Start from the state where you can login with normal password authentication.
Setting up SSH public key authentication
The setting commands are as follows. (Set by referring to the above document)
PUBLIC_KEY for enter is an SSH public key of the following,
Enter only this part without spaces.
Log in with SSH private key
.ssh/config etc is set to connect from the local using an appropriate secret key. In the case of Teraterm etc. SSH secret key file is selected.
If you set up an SSH key pair without passphrase, you can log in without a passphrase as follows.
(Warning) No password User creation
Note that in the verified version, if you create a user as nopassword as below empty password is set.
Verification version can not create passwordless users ...
It appears that you can now create password undefined with the following versions. (Unverified)
SSH public key authentication improvements
9.6(2)
In earlier releases, you could enable SSH public key authentication (ssh authentication ) without also enabling AAA SSH authentication with the Local user database (aaa authentication ssh console LOCAL ). The configuration is now fixed so that you must explicitly enable AAA SSH authentication. To disallow users from using a password instead of the private key, you can now create a username without any password defined.
We modified the following commands: ssh authentication, username
(Appendix) Behavior of Privilege
About the operation of Privilege, this exchange was helpful.
It seems that you can transition to Enable mode by that user (not enable_15 user) instead of going into Enable mode (15) from login time. It's something like sudo on Linux.
Conclusion - Cisco ASA SSH login with Public Key Authentication
I configured SSH public key authentication on the Cisco ASA and implemented login with secret key. For verification purposes, efficiency is improved by using a key-pair without passphrase. By using a newer OS version, password login is prohibited and key authentication is mandatory .
On every purchase of ASA firewall, Cisco ships product authorization key known as PAK in printed format along with delivery. The steps remain same irrespective of ASA license feature.
1.Login to Cisco registration portal – http://www.cisco.com/go/license and enter PAK key and ASA serial number, then you will get the license key by registered email immediately.
Caution: When you enter the key in ASA you will need to reboot. Also always save the output of “show version” to keep it in your records prior to entering new key upgrade.
2.Enter the license key in ASA and upgrade software license, in this case, we upgrade sec plus.
(config)# activation-key <license>
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(config)# write memory
(config)# reload
3.After reboot, verify that new license key is accepted
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(config)# show activation-key